ENAC

The 2026 ENAC regulations, in line with EASA directives, focus on enhancing safety and industry sustainability. The introduction of new standards regarding operational safety is expected, with an emphasis on emerging technologies such as drones (UAS) and the increasing integration of these systems into shared airspace. More stringent guidelines for Safety Management Systems (SMS) for all air operators, including airlines and airports, will be consolidated. Regarding environmental protection, ENAC continues to promote the adoption of sustainable practices, encouraging the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and route optimization to reduce emissions. Updates to security regulations may also occur, such as improved airport security screening procedures and the management of cybersecurity risks within the aeronautical environment.

ENAC, aligned with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2006 and EASA guidelines, establishes clear rules for baggage policies and fare transparency. Airlines are required to clearly inform passengers of carry-on and checked baggage limits—including dimensions, weight, and the number of items—within their terms of carriage and at the time of purchase. Fees for checked baggage must be transparent, with additional charges clearly highlighted. For flights within the European Union, there is generally a free carry-on baggage allowance. However, for "Basic" or "Light" fares, some airlines may charge for checked bags. It is essential for passengers to consult the specific policies of their airline before traveling. ENAC provides oversight to ensure this information is clear and accessible, preventing deceptive commercial practices.

The transport of pets (PET) under ENAC regulations is subject to rigorous sanitary and safety standards, often aligned with Regulation (EU) No 576/2013. Passengers must ensure their animals are properly identified with a microchip, possess an international health certificate issued by an accredited veterinarian, and have up-to-date rabies vaccinations. Depending on the country of origin and destination, additional serological tests or antiparasitic treatments may be required. In-cabin transport is generally restricted to small animals, which must be carried in approved containers that fit under the seat. Larger animals typically travel in the aircraft's pressurized cargo hold. ENAC encourages airlines to maintain clear and safe pet travel policies, prioritizing animal welfare. Requests to transport a pet must be made to the airline in advance, adhering to established deadlines.

In compliance with European regulations, ENAC protects the rights of children, families, and infants during air travel. Airlines are required to allow children to travel accompanied by a responsible adult. In many cases, free adjacent seating is guaranteed for minors under a certain age (usually under 12) traveling with paying adults, ensuring they can sit next to their parents or guardians. Airlines must offer a free baggage allowance for strollers and car seats, allowing them to be transported in the hold or, in some cases, taken to the aircraft door (gate-check). Additional assistance may include priority boarding for families with young children. Passengers are advised to check each airline's specific policies regarding these rights.

ENAC ensures that passengers with disabilities or Reduced Mobility (PRM) receive the necessary assistance during their travels, as per Regulation (EC) No 1107/2006. Airlines and airports are mandatory providers of free assistance, which includes help with boarding and disembarking, the transport of wheelchairs (including onboard mobility aids), and accommodation in preferential seats whenever possible. Passengers requiring special assistance must inform the airline or travel agent at least 48 hours before the flight. For specific medical cases requiring specialized attention, a MEDIF (Medical Information Form) may be required, detailing the passenger's medical needs; this must be validated by the airline and, occasionally, by a physician. Italian airports are equipped with designated assistance points where passengers can request help upon arrival.

• ENAC - Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile: https://www.enac.gov.it/
• Passenger Rights (ENAC): https://www.enac.gov.it/passeggeri/diritti-dei-passeggeri
• European Regulations - EASA: https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library
• Animal Transport (ENAC): https://www.enac.gov.it/passeggeri/viaggiare-con-animali
• Assistance for Passengers with Reduced Mobility (ENAC): https://www.enac.gov.it/passeggeri/persone-con-disabilita-o-mobilita-ridotta